<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><?Xpress productLine="ncc-clause" ?><clause id="_25f45665-b15d-441b-8a30-4e35c91a0f39" outputclass="ncc-clause"><meta><facet building="Class 1a"/><facet building="Class 1b"/><facet building="Class 10a"/><facet building="Class 10b"/><facet building="Class 10c"/></meta><sptc>D1V3</sptc><title id="_c8307f95-a9de-4079-8a3a-e5a91edfa443">Ramp gradient, crossfall, surface profile and slip resistance for ramps used by wheelchairs</title><archive-num>2019: DV3</archive-num><subclause id="_37c32416-c21d-4c87-923f-4c41eaed26ff" outputclass="subclause"><title id="_7ddd616f-c153-42cb-8d12-eef23ac42d47">SubClause</title><num>1</num><p>Compliance with <xref format="dita" href="/tmp/QppServer/Publishing/5e2c1f63-e589-4ce1-95e8-5c3e286a7aff/1395_4.0.0.xml#_f7304862-3529-49d7-9f62-352bcbcb6294" id="_032d1700-e780-46b6-9e48-f59e9e7114c4" scope="local" type="abcb-glossentry">Performance Requirement</xref> <xref format="dita" href="/tmp/QppServer/Publishing/5e2c1f63-e589-4ce1-95e8-5c3e286a7aff/2017_0.13.0.xml#_f2293a0a-b0ed-4810-8be5-d8df791bdf80" id="_2ed722ae-43bf-44db-a194-5e1d88eb7e9c" scope="local" type="clause">D1P2</xref>, relating to gradient, crossfall, surface profile and slip resistance of a ramp for the use of wheelchairs is verified when—</p><ol outputclass="alpha"><li id="_50aecb95-cd2c-4bba-a0d0-ee55a457945c">the ramp has a gradient that is not steeper than 1:8; and</li><li id="_3fcd03ac-ab84-4a37-a7fa-67a078683e3b">the pushing force required to accelerate a wheelchair and user during ascent is in accordance with (2); and</li><li id="_3fece048-7b3d-4f82-af01-821c67a28a66">the required braking force for a wheelchair and user during descent is in accordance with (3); and</li><li id="_2116feab-4cce-486b-857d-3d6d9cd56e11">the projected ascent time is in accordance with (4); and</li><li id="_3935d7d8-8131-41dc-87ac-4d9ec0b4cde0">the ramp crossfall, surface profile and slip resistance is in accordance with (5).</li></ol></subclause><subclause id="_4b1062d6-165c-454a-bc07-cd315b046044" outputclass="subclause"><title id="_63c68a12-b91c-4918-8714-f2ef1bbe06b3">SubClause</title><num>2</num><p>The pushing force during ascent must be in accordance with the formula: </p><p><equation-inline height="25" heightdpi="96" id="_b5215f44-5279-462c-903b-1c2edf943ee3" width="196" widthdpi="96"><mathML><!-- MathType@Translator@5@5@MathML2 (no namespace).tdl@MathML 2.0 (no namespace)@ --><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>F</mi>    <mi>p</mi>   </msub>   <mo>&gt;</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>sin</mi><mi>α</mi><mo>+</mo><msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow>   </msub>   <msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>1</mn>   </msub>   <mo>+</mo><msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow>   </msub>   <msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>2</mn>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOramaaBa  aaleaacaWGWbaabeaakiabg6da+iaad2gacaWGNbGaci4CaiaacMga  caGGUbGaeqySdeMaey4kaSIaam4qamaaBaaaleaacqaHapaCcaaIXa  aabeaakiaad6eadaWgaaWcbaGaaGymaaqabaGccqGHRaWkcaWGdbWa  aSbaaSqaaiabec8aWjaaikdaaeqaaOGaamOtamaaBaaaleaacaaIYa  aabeaaaaa@4B77@  </annotation> </semantics></math><!-- MathType@End@5@5@ --></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhxQAZAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAxQAZAAAC/4SPqcvtD6OctNqLs968+w+G4kiW5omm6sq2
7gsDwUwH8WK3tJE/+1HT/HqQH8/YIBJvrxnQKVkuK1BZNZqYMpRMlFam+G65vm3YchUjempg1xEE
Z81zLBlOX1PlvAg7KgYlqBR39Nd3lZWzeNaYYXNY5ijE1/aEVPQFCbZp5fa5GMo42VlnijFqyafH
ker3SSUlJ9gHu1pbiXNaw2uLBprEa6QqOfuKS5E4iBv5xJp7evs8/YuINYnqRkyMoxVJGAjbjCzt
S15+9FyaSH0eOPXHpok6z2xM920+WNqO3DaeJkkedPfI0ZJWyJk3PMzksRvmZAcmK6J0jWHXqJCs
gVCKMDrSiC0TtwmE3vgZQhJEwpEEzbA8Zs5kt5gcW925lvIloIkyz4xj6GFdyzkjefZkEcdox6BD
lHYsejSq1BIep1q9ijWr1q1cu3r9ChZEAQAh/wtNYXRoVHlwZTAwMf8FAQAHBERTTVQ3AAETV2lu
QWxsQmFzaWNDb2RlUGFnZXMAEQVUaW1lcyBOZXcgUm9tYW4AEQNTeW1ib2wAEQVDb3VyaWVyIE5l
dwARBE1UIEV4dHJhABIACCEvRY9EL0FQ9BAPR19BUPIfHkFQ9BUPQQD0RfQl9I9CX0EA9BAPQ19B
APSPRfQqX0j0j0EA9BAPQPSPQX9I9BAPQSpfRF9F9F9F9F9BDwwBAAEAAQICAgIAAgABAQEAAwAB
AAQAAAoBAAIAg0YAAwAbAAALAQACAINwAAABAQAKAgSGPgA+AgCDbQACAINnAAICgnMAAgCCaQAC
AIJuAAIEhLEDYQJ0BIYrACsCAINDAAMAGwAACwEAAgSEwANwAgCIMQAAAQEACgIAg04AAwAbAAAL
AQACAIgxAAABAQAKAgSGKwArAgCDQwADABsAAAsBAAIEhMADcAIAiDIAAAEBAAoCAINOAAMAGwAA
CwEAAgCIMgAAAQEAAAAAIf8LTWF0aFR5cGUwMDP/PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIj8+PCEtLSBN
YXRoVHlwZUBUcmFuc2xhdG9yQDVANUBNYXRoTUwyIChDbGlwYm9hcmQpLnRkbEBNYXRoTUwgMi4w
IChDbGlwYm9hcmQpQCAtLT48bWF0aCB4bWxucz0naHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OC9NYXRo
L01hdGhNTCc+PG1yb3c+PG1zdWI+PG1pPkY8L21pPjxtaT5wPC9taT48L21zdWI+PG1vPiYjeDAw
M0U7PC9tbz48bWk+bTwvbWk+PG1pPmc8L21pPjxtaT5zaW48L21pPjxtaT4mI3gwM0IxOzwvbWk+
/Dxtbz4rPC9tbz48bXN1Yj48bWk+QzwvbWk+PG1yb3c+PG1pPiYjeDAzQzA7PC9taT48bW4+MTwv
bW4+PC9tcm93PjwvbXN1Yj48bXN1Yj48bWk+TjwvbWk+PG1uPjE8L21uPjwvbXN1Yj48bW8+Kzwv
bW8+PG1zdWI+PG1pPkM8L21pPjxtcm93PjxtaT4mI3gwM0MwOzwvbWk+PG1uPjI8L21uPjwvbXJv
dz48L21zdWI+PG1zdWI+PG1pPk48L21pPjxtbj4yPC9tbj48L21zdWI+PC9tcm93PjwvbWF0aD48
IS0tIE1hdGhUeXBlQEVuZEA1QDVAIC0tPgAh/wtNYXRoVHlwZTAwMgYJAAAAAAAAOw==</image></equation-inline></p><p>where—</p><p><equation-inline height="25" heightdpi="96" id="_212ec0b2-7921-4dc3-8584-5e5a3c5f6c1d" width="20" widthdpi="96"><mathML><!-- MathType@Translator@5@5@MathML2 (no namespace).tdl@MathML 2.0 (no namespace)@ --><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>F</mi>    <mi>p</mi>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOramaaBa  aaleaacaWGWbaabeaaaaa@37E0@  </annotation> </semantics></math><!-- MathType@End@5@5@ --></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhFAAZAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAFAAZAAACK4SPqcvtD6MEodog8dGQ08h5TzhdYkNmWzmt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</image></equation-inline> = the maximum force during ascent, equal to 40 N for ramps required to be usable by the general public; and</p><p><equation-inline height="15" heightdpi="96" id="_c9c313c1-9d55-4c87-bcee-7e699bd22306" width="17" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>m</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyBaaaa@36E6@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhEQAOAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAEQAOAAACHYSPqcvdEQCU8cVZF65ZcdN54Mh80qmRk8O2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</image></equation-inline> = the design mass of the wheelchair and wheelchair user, equal to 127 kg for ramps required to be usable by the general public; and</p><p><equation-inline height="18" heightdpi="96" id="_a18ff0c3-0ef9-4d4e-8c6b-cce1ce9ecfc6" width="15" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>g</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaaaa@36E0@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhDgARAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAADgARAAACHYSPqct9AeGSJjD7bm7RYQdEnzJSyRheIsi2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</image></equation-inline> = the gravitational constant, equal to 9.8 m/s<sup id="_6caacee4-d33e-4ad6-a674-a35dfa3250cd">2</sup>; and</p><p><equation-inline height="15" heightdpi="96" id="_a4d7880d-ef29-4d29-8f37-a15c4c1dd404" width="16" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>α</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqySdegaaa@3793@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhEAAOAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAEAAOAAACG4SPqcvNAU1oU4K6cHwI5+5ok9dB4+ak6sou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</image></equation-inline> = the angle of incline of the ramp; and</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_bb54b4a1-5983-48d3-99e7-1553b7a0da58" width="54" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow>   </msub>   <mo>,</mo><msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4qamaaBa  aaleaacqaHapaCcaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGdbWaaSbaaSqaaiab  ec8aWjaaikdaaeqaaaaa@3D87@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhNgAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAANgAYAAACXISPqcvtD6OctNqLs94geBNkXthdH3hW6WiR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</image></equation-inline> = the coefficient of rolling resistance between the wheelchair wheel and the ramp surface, for the rear wheels and front wheels respectively; and</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_020ea935-3ae1-4c4a-9419-7b2cbb2c7647" width="45" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>1</mn>   </msub>   <mo>,</mo><msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>2</mn>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOtamaaBa  aaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGobWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqa  aaaa@3A23@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhLQAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAALQAYAAACXoSPqcvtD6OctNqLcdho8+d1IRQk5XQeKbmu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</image></equation-inline> = the normal force between the wheelchair wheels and ramp surface, for rear wheels and front wheels respectively.</p></subclause><subclause id="_72b61dfd-c2d7-4f84-8810-bdfc472c4ecb" outputclass="subclause"><title id="_e04491d8-d0eb-42f8-921c-b166ce954343">SubClause</title><num>3</num><p>The braking force during descent must be less than 9 N when calculated in accordance with the formula:</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_7730bd27-afad-473d-9321-9bf9ceac5bc5" width="195" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>F</mi>    <mi>b</mi>   </msub>   <mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>sin</mi><mi>α</mi><mo>−</mo><msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow>   </msub>   <msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>1</mn>   </msub>   <mo>−</mo><msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow>   </msub>   <msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>2</mn>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOramaaBa  aaleaacaWGIbaabeaakiabg2da9iaad2gacaWGNbGaci4CaiaacMga  caGGUbGaeqySdeMaeyOeI0Iaam4qamaaBaaaleaacqaHapaCcaaIXa  aabeaakiaad6eadaWgaaWcbaGaaGymaaqabaGccqGHsislcaWGdbWa  aSbaaSqaaiabec8aWjaaikdaaeqaaOGaamOtamaaBaaaleaacaaIYa  aabeaaaaa@4B7D@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhxAAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAxAAYAAAC/4SPqcvtD6OctNqLs968+w+G4kiW5omm6sq2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</image></equation-inline></p><p>where—</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_441a9a86-6f5f-4610-a2af-1ad053119c1b" width="19" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>F</mi>    <mi>b</mi>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOramaaBa  aaleaacaWGIbaabeaaaaa@37D2@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhEgAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAEgAYAAACK4SPqcvtD2MKtAZ4T3Yb9LV9TBhZokJiWome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</image></equation-inline> = the braking force during descent; and</p><p><equation-inline height="15" heightdpi="96" id="_3d5efd11-f97d-4ea1-9da8-fcbb2a9747b0" width="17" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>m</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyBaaaa@36E6@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhEQAOAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAEQAOAAACHYSPqcvdEQCU8cVZF65ZcdN54Mh80qmRk8O2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</image></equation-inline> = the design mass of the wheelchair and wheelchair user, equal to 127 kg for ramps required to be usable by the general public; and</p><p><equation-inline height="18" heightdpi="96" id="_2b1f0e36-6cf1-4457-a9f2-e9b10e95ee8b" width="15" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>g</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaaaa@36E0@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhDgARAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAADgARAAACHYSPqct9AeGSJjD7bm7RYQdEnzJSyRheIsi2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</image></equation-inline> = the gravitational constant, equal to 9.8 m/s<sup id="_21b22e75-a7c5-488a-88e1-3a74477e2943">2</sup>; and</p><p><equation-inline height="15" heightdpi="96" id="_ef5a0e9b-7957-4f4d-97ed-9191f3ceef18" width="16" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>α</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqySdegaaa@3793@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhEAAOAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAEAAOAAACG4SPqcvNAU1oU4K6cHwI5+5ok9dB4+ak6sou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</image></equation-inline> = the angle of incline of the ramp; and</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_7e5694cb-8f62-4825-a6c1-62f4c0ed2fcb" width="54" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow>   </msub>   <mo>,</mo><msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4qamaaBa  aaleaacqaHapaCcaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGdbWaaSbaaSqaaiab  ec8aWjaaikdaaeqaaaaa@3D87@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhNgAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAANgAYAAACXISPqcvtD6OctNqLs94geBNkXthdH3hW6WiR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</image></equation-inline> = the coefficient of rolling resistance between the wheelchair wheel and ramp surface, for the rear wheels and front wheels respectively; and</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_fecea374-8f0d-4dfd-8600-5334f86318bc" width="45" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>1</mn>   </msub>   <mo>,</mo><msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>2</mn>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOtamaaBa  aaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGobWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqa  aaaa@3A23@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhLQAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAALQAYAAACXoSPqcvtD6OctNqLcdho8+d1IRQk5XQeKbmu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</image></equation-inline> = the normal force between the wheelchair wheels and ramp surface, for the rear wheels and front wheels respectively.</p></subclause><subclause id="_f3985b82-a4b0-4861-b90f-355e8adcc094" outputclass="subclause"><title id="_57452d7f-5d96-42fa-b99b-767ad94e3a64">SubClause</title><num>4</num><p>The time taken to ascend the ramp must be less than 17 s when calculated in accordance with the formula:</p><p><equation-inline height="47" heightdpi="96" id="_8561c965-9737-49d8-b6b3-db6b6932165b" width="240" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <mi>T</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac>    <mrow>     <mi>L</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow>    <mrow>     <mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub>      <mi>F</mi>      <mi>p</mi>     </msub>     <mo>−</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>sin</mi><mi>α</mi><mo>−</mo><msub>      <mi>C</mi>      <mrow>       <mi>π</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow>     </msub>     <msub>      <mi>N</mi>      <mn>1</mn>     </msub>     <mo>−</mo><msub>      <mi>C</mi>      <mrow>       <mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow>     </msub>     <msub>      <mi>N</mi>      <mn>2</mn>     </msub>     <mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow>   </mfrac>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamivaiabg2  da9maalaaabaGaamitaiaad2gaaeaacaWG0bGaaiikaiaadAeadaWg  aaWcbaGaamiCaaqabaGccqGHsislcaWGTbGaam4zaiGacohacaGGPb  GaaiOBaiabeg7aHjabgkHiTiaadoeadaWgaaWcbaGaeqiWdaNaaGym  aaqabaGccaWGobWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaOGaeyOeI0Iaam4qam  aaBaaaleaacqaHapaCcaaIYaaabeaakiaad6eadaWgaaWcbaGaaGOm  aaqabaGccaGGPaaaaaaa@5180@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlh8QAuAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAA8QAuAAAC/4SPqcvtD6OctNqLs968+w+G4kiW5omm6sq2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</image></equation-inline></p><p>where—</p><p><equation-inline height="18" heightdpi="96" id="_7d62fb70-12fc-497b-a17e-48272d45af3a" width="15" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>T</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamivaaaa@36CD@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhDgARAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAADgARAAACHISPqcsdD2EKhxp7kcWKu6aBmQh4jNmREcm2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=</image></equation-inline> = the time taken to ascend the ramp in seconds; and</p><p><equation-inline height="18" heightdpi="96" id="_9689df1d-6c1f-408d-8d49-fe680087f524" width="15" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>L</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamitaaaa@36C5@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhDgARAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAADgARAAACGoSPqct9AYMDclJbZ3abdW9dz9J90fmFqlUA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</image></equation-inline> = the length of the ramp in metres; and</p><p><equation-inline height="15" heightdpi="96" id="_4ea16022-8dbe-481b-86ad-b7dfa5d158de" width="17" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>m</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyBaaaa@36E6@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhEQAOAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAEQAOAAACHYSPqcvdEQCU8cVZF65ZcdN54Mh80qmRk8O2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</image></equation-inline> = the design mass of the wheelchair and wheelchair user, equal to 127 kg for ramps required to be useable by the general public; and</p><p><equation-inline height="16" heightdpi="96" id="_1fdb9ee7-9863-4c68-a5c7-a9c0821d7b27" width="9" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>t</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiDaaaa@36ED@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhCQAQAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAACQAQAAACEYSPqYuxroJ8tMYKj8yse18AACH/C01hdGhU
eXBlMDAxyQUBAAcERFNNVDcAARNXaW5BbGxCYXNpY0NvZGVQYWdlcwARBVRpbWVzIE5ldyBSb21h
bgARA1N5bWJvbAARBUNvdXJpZXIgTmV3ABEETVQgRXh0cmEAEgAIIS9Fj0QvQVD0EA9HX0FQ8h8e
QVD0FQ9BAPRF9CX0j0JfQQD0EA9DX0EA9I9F9CpfSPSPQQD0EA9A9I9Bf0j0EA9BKl9EX0X0X0X0
X0EPDAEAAQABAgICAgACAAEBAQADAAEABAAACgEAAgCDdAAAAAAh/wtNYXRoVHlwZTAwM8E8P3ht
bCB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjAiPz48IS0tIE1hdGhUeXBlQFRyYW5zbGF0b3JANUA1QE1hdGhNTDIgKENs
aXBib2FyZCkudGRsQE1hdGhNTCAyLjAgKENsaXBib2FyZClAIC0tPjxtYXRoIHhtbG5zPSdodHRw
Oi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk4L01hdGgvTWF0aE1MJz48bWk+dDwvbWk+PC9tYXRoPjwhLS0gTWF0
aFR5cGVARW5kQDVANUAgLS0+ACH/C01hdGhUeXBlMDAyBgQAAAAAAAA7</image></equation-inline> = the time taken for the wheelchair to achieve maximum velocity, equal to 0.8 m/s; and</p><p><equation-inline height="26" heightdpi="96" id="_18fe61c2-5de8-4aaf-a761-43652295e6ab" width="20" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>F</mi>    <mi>p</mi>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOramaaBa  aaleaacaWGWbaabeaaaaa@37E0@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhFAAZAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAFAAZAAACK4SPqcvtD6MEodog8dGQ08h5TzhdYkNmWzmt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</image></equation-inline> = the maximum pushing force during ascent, equal to 40 N for ramps required to be usable by the general public; and</p><p><equation-inline height="18" heightdpi="96" id="_4ae88b68-1353-4596-82d1-d9e61671c8c3" width="15" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>g</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaaaa@36E0@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhDgARAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAADgARAAACHYSPqct9AeGSJjD7bm7RYQdEnzJSyRheIsi2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</image></equation-inline> = the gravitational constant, equal to 9.8 m/s<sup id="_bad51c5a-f1cf-4978-af91-eadaf140ef4e">2</sup>; and</p><p><equation-inline height="15" heightdpi="96" id="_9e49ea50-5f66-47c5-a1fa-8b8e15e9a32c" width="16" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mi>α</mi>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqySdegaaa@3793@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhEAAOAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAEAAOAAACG4SPqcvNAU1oU4K6cHwI5+5ok9dB4+ak6sou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</image></equation-inline> = the angle of incline of the ramp; and</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_af158f4e-d8ee-4969-a752-d73bf5785825" width="54" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow>   </msub>   <mo>,</mo><msub>    <mi>C</mi>    <mrow>     <mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4qamaaBa  aaleaacqaHapaCcaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGdbWaaSbaaSqaaiab  ec8aWjaaikdaaeqaaaaa@3D87@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhNgAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAANgAYAAACXISPqcvtD6OctNqLs94geBNkXthdH3hW6WiR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</image></equation-inline> = the coefficient of rolling resistance between the wheelchair wheel and ramp surface, for the rear wheels and front wheels respectively; and</p><p><equation-inline height="24" heightdpi="96" id="_c912a858-ecb2-439c-81b7-8b74d7b406ed" width="45" widthdpi="96"><mathML><math> <semantics>  <mrow>   <msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>1</mn>   </msub>   <mo>,</mo><msub>    <mi>N</mi>    <mn>2</mn>   </msub>   </mrow>  <annotation encoding="MathType-MTEF">MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=  feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn  hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr  4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9  vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x  fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOtamaaBa  aaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGobWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqa  aaaa@3A23@  </annotation> </semantics></math></mathML><image content-type="gif">R0lGODlhLQAYAPAAAP///wAAACwAAAAALQAYAAACXoSPqcvtD6OctNqLcdho8+d1IRQk5XQeKbmu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</image></equation-inline> = the normal force between wheelchair wheels and ramp surface, for the rear wheels and front wheels respectively.</p></subclause><subclause id="_2290bf9f-5f84-4f77-aec3-f09981f40a24" outputclass="subclause"><title id="_1c20da74-c544-4f61-856d-7989490ce23a">SubClause</title><num>5</num><p>The crossfall must be no steeper than, the surface profile must be no rougher than, and the slip resistance must be no less than, the values nominated in <xref format="dita" href="/tmp/QppServer/Publishing/5e2c1f63-e589-4ce1-95e8-5c3e286a7aff/17_0.4.0.xml#_22be151f-c7c0-4382-a988-5d5c1f276665" id="_49600f19-c680-4e94-baca-727ee273434c" referencetype="Text" scope="local" synctargettext="false" type="table-reference">Table D1V3</xref> for the gradient of the ramp.</p></subclause><table-reference conref="/tmp/QppServer/Publishing/5e2c1f63-e589-4ce1-95e8-5c3e286a7aff/17_0.4.0.xml" graph="None" id="_22be151f-c7c0-4382-a988-5d5c1f276665"><num/><title id="_7da889d3-afc4-440c-b63a-c85c56c0379c"/></table-reference></clause>